Business Issues and the Contexts of HR Assignment

Business Issues and the Contexts of HR - Assignment Example The human asset chief likewise assumes an extraordinary job in accommodating the proprietors or administrators of the organization and the workforce, when an emergency emerges in the organization the human asset director, as he is nearer to the individuals than the proprietors are attempts to bring the two gatherings mutually to concoct a goals. The financial world has been confronted with comparative issues with regards to human asset the board. This is on the grounds that human asset is dynamic and extents from talented to semi gifted to talented work. The becoming serious world has attempted to put asset administrators behind them to look for demonstrable skill and to make the serious in the financial world. As rivalry builds the characteristic assets diminishes, this carries us to the term endurance for the fittest and just the fittest organization will endure, numerous organizations are contributing intensely on talented work that has likewise picked up its opposition in the market (Human Value Management, Jac Fitz-Enz, 1990). Mechanical developments have taken a middle stage in the dynamic financial world making need to arm the workforce with the aptitudes. In numerous organizations workforce skilled in the IT area have a favorable position over the others. Data correspondence innovation has empowered organizations to save money on expenses of creation and has made it simpler to showcase their merchandise and keep a decent progression of data inside and outside the organization. With the developing expansions and the world, monetary emergency it has gotten basic for organizations to cut on their spending and the human asset office has not been spared the migraine. Systems administration has become another key factor in the advancing scene. Social destinations, for example, Face book, twitter, what sup and Skype among others have played a significant errand in the advertising of the items. This implies some human asset faculty must have the option to adapt to this to stay serious. It has changed people’s methods of living and doing

7 tips for dealing with a psycho boss

7 hints for managing a psycho chief Indeed, even as well as can be expected appear to be a despot some of the time. Yet, did you realize that a few managers are really sociopaths? As indicated by an Australian examination, 1 out of 5 corporate officials displayed clinically psychopathic attributes. (For reference, the pace of sociopaths, as a rule, is 1 out of each 100 individuals.) Whether your troublesome manager is insanely disposed or not, here are 7 procedures you can use to collapse potential terrible supervisor circumstances. 1. Figure out what you’re managing with.Is your manager simply having a terrible day, or would he say he resembles this constantly? It is safe to say that she is managing different elements (pressure from above, workers going missing, and so on.) that are causing her to be extra hard on you? Or on the other hand would you say you are as a rule excessively hard on her? Consider what might be causing the conduct. It probably won't legitimize it, or make the conduct any increasingly won derful to manage, yet everybody has an awful day. It’s imperative to consider whether this is really your boss’s default method of working, or if it’s only an erratic problem.2. Get everything in writing.If your supervisor is a disarray maker by requesting something, at that point asserting later that you were requested something completely unique, it’s your statement against theirs. Record what you can-for instance, on the off chance that you were given verbal directions, affirm in a snappy email just so everybody has a put down account of what was examined/asked.3. Stop and take a breath.If you’re having a contention with your chief, bouncing right in with a warmed response could be something you’ll lament later. Pause for a moment, inhale, and consider your response. Once more, pondering the â€Å"why† behind your boss’s conduct can likewise help keep you from responding from a position of unadulterated stress.4. Know and ma intain a strategic distance from the triggers.Does your supervisor consistently go off the wall crazy when somebody is late? Be extra aware of your appearance time. Tirade about grammatical mistakes in an email? Edit twice before you hit â€Å"send.† If there’s an example to Angry Boss’s conduct, it’s unquestionably to your greatest advantage to recognize what that example is and figure out how to neutralize those triggers before they happen.5. Use correspondence strategies.This is a typical remedial technique for improving correspondence. Utilize undivided attention by rehashing back information disclosed, and requesting explanation if fundamental. Numerous contentions are because of individuals not feeling tuned in to or saw, so if your manager thinks you’re not tuning in, it can raise a conflict.6. Don’t let it wreck you.You have an occupation to do, and on the off chance that you let a harmful relationship with your manager influence you r work and your conduct, that’s not going to support you. Make an effort not to think about it literally or let it influence the nature of your work. In the event that you end up brushing things off out of disappointment with your chief, that can make your expert rep suffer.7. Heighten if necessary.If your organization has approaches to privately air your interests to HR (or a comparative worker asset) and you feel like things are arriving at a limit, think about taking your issues to them. In the event that you fear going to work each day on account of the hopelessness that anticipates you for the following eight hours, that’s not a circumstance that’s bravo or your organization consider finding an inward (and impartial) approach to raise the situation.We’ve all had a harmful supervisor sooner or later in our professions. Some of the time it shows signs of improvement, and once in a while you simply need to proceed onward. In any case, don’t let i t ruin your expert life meanwhile.

Doing Sales the Old Fashioned Way. Yup its Cold Calling.

Doing Sales the Old Fashioned Way. Yup it’s Cold Calling. The Dreaded Cold Call Does the very phrase “cold calling” send shivers down your spine? A September 2014 Forbes article, 10 Sales Techniques To Never Cold Call Again, notes that “cold calling is a dreaded and daunting task that strikes fear down the backs of even the most fearless of marketers.” I’m not a stranger to cold calling. As a fairly new college graduate, I worked at the Volunteer Legal Services in Oakland, CA, where part of my job was to call attorneys and ask them to accept pro bono cases. Most of them said no. But since then, I’ve had very little need to cold callâ€"and frankly have avoided it, believing that it was simply inefficient. When Mark, one of my first unofficial business coaches, yelled at me because I wasn’t making enough cold calls to drum up business, I blatantly ignored him. Nothing Else is Working! When the print version of my book, How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, became available in November 2015, I had a dream that the book would be snapped up by every college bookstore in the country. But I soon faced the harsh reality that this was not happeningâ€"not even slightly. Without a publisher and its attendant publicity machine, I had a challenge: How would I let college bookstores know about the availability of my book? One thing was for sure: My dream would not be realized if I didn’t do something. I reached out to my resources for help. A friend who has connections to college career services failed to return my emails and phone calls. “Contact the National Association of College Bookstores (NACS),” said my business coach. So I contacted NACS and discovered, after 3 months of waiting, that “We don’t have a good means of single title promotion.” I tried going to the marketing department at the distributor of my book (Ingram), who came back with, “It would be up to you as the ‘publisher’ to promote and market your book and direct people to our distribution partners to place an order.” Gee thanks. Biting the Bulletâ€"Picking Up the Phone Finally, it got through my thick skull that there was no easy way to do this. So I started cold calling. First, I walked into the University of Wisconsin Bookstore in my home town of Madison. They ordered two copies. Encouraged, I called the Yale Bookstore (my alma mater). They ordered two copies too! Not only that, but the Barnes Noble in Madison was happy to order a couple of copies for their shelves! I called some more college bookstores. Some of them said no. Others, to my great joy, said yes! Here’s where my book will be carried as of this writing: Yale University NYU University of Wisconsin-Madison (downtown and Hilldale) University of Chicago Evergreen State College Alabama University Iowa State University University of Utah Barnes Noble, East Towne Mall, Madison, WI Here I was looking for a broad solution that would not require the work of making individual phone calls to individual bookstores. I was so stuck in thinking there must be a better way that I missed out on the opportunity to do it the old fashioned way. Once I started calling, I started getting results. Of course I can’t possibly call every book store in the country and ask them to carry my book. But I can call a lot of them, and if people buy the book, at some point I trust the balance will tip. Coach Mark, if you’re reading this, guess what?! I’m making cold calls. And it’s working. If you like How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile and want to see the print book in your local Barnes Noble or other bookstore, please let them know about it and let me know if I can add to the above list! And if there’s a situation in your life where you’re waiting for a magical solution, maybe that solution is simply picking up the phone, and dialing.

Case Studies - 1745 Words

w. wi l ey .c om/ c o l le ge / aak CASE 5-1 Barkley Foods Joyce Stevenson, the manager of marketing research for Barkley Foods, had just left an emergency meeting with the ï ¬ rm’s president. An opportunity to buy an established line of gourmet (high-quality/high-priced) frozen dinners had arisen. Because there were other interested buyers, a decision had to be made within three or four weeks. This decision depended on judgments about the future prospects of the gourmet frozen dinner market and whether Barkley could achieve a competitive advantage. The marketing research group was asked to provide as much useful information as possible within a 10-day period. Although uncomfortable with the time pressure involved, Joyce was†¦show more content†¦Its largest product areas were canned tomato products, frozen orange juice, cake mixes, and yogurt. Barkley was known to have strengths in operations (product preparation), distribution (obtaining distribution and managing the shelves), and advertising. Their brands typically held a solid second-place position in the supermarket. There was no effort at umbrella brand identiï ¬ cation, so each product area was carried by its own brand. Joyce Stevenson had previously been in strategic planning, and reviewed the type of information and analysis that would be required to support a strategic decision like this one. She wrote down the following four sets of questions to guide the thinking of the research group: 1. Market analysis ââ€"   What are the size, current growth rate, and projected growth rate of the industry and its relevant subsets (such as ethnic dinners) for the next ï ¬ ve and ten years? ââ€"   What are the important industry trends? ââ€"   What are the emerging production technologies? â â€"   What are the distribution trends? ââ€"   What are current and future success factors (a competitive skill or asset needed to compete successfully)? 2. Environmental analysis ââ€"   What demographic, cultural, economic, or governmental trends or events could create strategic threats or opportunities? ââ€"   What major environmental scenarios (plausible stories about the future) can be conceived? 3. Customer analysis ââ€"   What are the major segments? ââ€"   What are their motivations and unmetShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. TheyRead MoreCase Study887 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reasons choose the case 1.2 The Problems The problems of this case are: 1. How would you characterize Lincoln Electric’s strategy? In this context, what is the nature of Lincoln’s business and upon what bases does this company compete? 2. What are the most important elements of Lincoln’s overall approach to organization and control that help explain why this company is so successful? How well do Lincoln’s organization and control mechanismsRead MoreBusiness Case Study : Business Case Studies997 Words   |  4 PagesWriting Business Case Studies How to Write Business Case Studies The objective of this part of the course is to use your case study to help you solve real company problems and to make the learning more relevant to your experience. The Business Case Study you are being asked to start today will provide information for yourself and the class to permit constructive feedback. You will have to use all of your research, writing and analytical skills to write your Company Case Study. You must give enoughRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pages978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rights reserved. Permission is hereby given for the material in this publication to be reproduced for OHP transparencies and student handouts, without express permission of the Publishers, for educational purposes only. In all other cases, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers orRead MoreCase Studies13817 Words   |  56 PagesCASE STUDY #1 A Job Search Dilemma Eric, a second-semester senior, is looking for a job. Anxious about finding work in the worst economy in decades, he sends out scores of resumes for a wide variety of positions. The first call he gets is for a position that doesnt really interest him, but he figures he should be open to every opportunity. He schedules an interview, which he aces. In fact, the recruiter offers Eric the job on the spot. He would like Eric to start as soon as possible. Should EricRead MoreCase Study 8985 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study 8 Based on the January through June 2010 cash budget, what is the maximum monthly loss during the six-month planning period? What is the maximum cumulative borrowing balance? (For purposes of this question, disregard any interest payments on short-term bank loans or interest received from investing surplus funds.) Maximum monthly loss is in June: -$60,750. The maximum cumulative borrowing balance is $99,000 in February. What does the monthly cash budget reveal that indicatesRead MoreCase Study : The Angel 1089 Words   |  5 Pages Case Study #1 The Angel, 1997 Susan Meeks, an alias, woke to what she thought was the middle of the afternoon. A bright yellowish light was shining through the west window of her travel trailer. An other world being was in the room and was as tall as the ceiling of the trailer. She went to the bathroom where she washed her face with cold water and stayed in there long enough to smoke a cigarette. When she went back to the bedroom the being was still there. The being showed her futureRead MoreThe Case Study Of The Company1468 Words   |  6 PagesOverview of Case Study In the case study by Spector titled, Transferring Innovation Across National Boundaries, (Spector, 2012) company named Minnesota Biolabs (MB) provided laboratories with a quality test for contamination of injectable medications. This test required the use of live rabbits that led to the rabbit’s death after the test. The company was headquartered in Minneapolis, however they were organized with four, somewhat independent, national units in Europe and Japan, each run by aRead MoreLaw of Case Studies1514 Words   |  7 PagesZulfatah Arif SCM-019741 Work Psychology in Communication, Writing and Reporting COM 2153 Mr Haji Adenan Case Studies An Unmotivated Building Inspector Case Study By: Zulfatah Arif 1) Review the motivation theories discussed in this chapter. How would each one describe and explain the problems with Simon Lucas’s motivation? The theories that would be relevant to the problems with Simon Lucas’ motivation would be the McClelland’s Need Theory and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory.Read MoreCase Study Essay1116 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study Objective The Case will focus on issues related to the cultural aspect of international business; sustainable business practices including CSR issues; foreign investment; and the benefits of regional integration for the countries within, and companies doing business in, that region.   The case study analysis will be completed on an individual basis. Instructions THE CASE: Kaizer Consulting Kaizer Consulting is an international management consulting firm that specializes in business strategy

An Executive MBA Is The Leadership Degree 2019

Masters programs in business administration have at many schools been fragmented into specialty areas. Today there are MBA degrees available with curriculums that specialize in accounting, finance, project management, information technology and marketing and that is a partial list. The Executive Masters of Business Administration is a degree targeted at people in middle management who wish to acquire the skills to move towards the top. An Executive MBA is a degree in management. The course work includes many aspects of management, but the principal focus is strategy. Students pursing this degree will learn what strategies prompt certain business decisions, what sort of data is required to come to that decision and how to acquire and analyze that data. For more and more American corporations today, operational decision making must be made within a global framework. It is no longer just the major U.S. industrial firms; many mid-sized manufacturers and even agricultural interests have offshore competition bringing products into this country and thus foreign economies and labor situations can have an impact. An Executive MBA program addresses this new reality, the globalization of the economy and expands the decision making process to an international scope. Beneath the operational considerations of any business there should be a policy that helps guide the decision making process. Executive MBA candidates will look at case studies and track the decision making process that company leadership used. As with any business administration degree program, the course work will include looking at the experiential data that was used in the decision making process. In an executive business administration program, the use of the computer as a decision-making analytical tool is a key component of the curriculum. .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d:active, .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u9727865664620b07ba20a6e2a8be851d:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Studying Computer Science Through Distance LearningOther important areas of study may well include the ability to recognize and analyze potential ethical issues involved in decisions facing the executive, and if necessary to seek alternative courses of action. The fundamentals of business law will probably be incorporated into the course of study. The overall goal of an executive masters in business administration is to teach the participant how to integrate different functional areas in solving business problems. Statistical analysis will be a point of intense scrutiny: learning how to thoroughly extract information from available data. Transactional analysis may be a course topic entirely of its own. Strategic finance is an important component of an executive MBA program: understanding the positioning that drives mergers and acquisitions, stock repurchases and restructuring. Risk analysis and risk hedging are also introduced as a component of capital budgeting and reviewing investment options. Some institutions are beginning to offer executive masters in business administration degrees that have areas of specialty just as standard MBA programs do. There is a university in Texas that offers an Executive MBA specializing in global energy. Another emerging specialty area for EMBA curriculums is health care, as managed care has made the industry rife with standardization and corporate mergers. These are programs, however, for executives with a very specific career in mind. The Executive Masters in Business Administration is an overall preparation for leadership, much like officers candidate school or better yet, West Point. .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af:active, .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u5adf74608f66231fd41b20293d4ef9af:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Perl's Value Among Programming Languages Related ArticlesThe Key to Your Future is an MBA DegreeA Masters Degree in Business AdministrationGetting Started With a Career in BusinessA Doctor of Business Administration Degree Unlocks the Door to the Global EconomyEarning a Business Law DegreeOnline Colleges For Health Care

Simone Weil’s Love of Neighbor Free Essays

Simone Weil’s â€Å"Waiting for God† have discussed the implied love of God through the reiteration of love and compassion as an answer or remedy for affliction and as a step in able to restore justice. Simone Weil was a wealthy French political activist and philosopher who have strived to argue about the â€Å"universal goodness of men†. She maintains that the world in which we lived in is generally composed of inequalities. We will write a custom essay sample on Simone Weil’s Love of Neighbor or any similar topic only for you Order Now In such case, there are some people who catch our attention while there are those â€Å"others† who are often regarded as the collective unknown. Since there was a lack of attention, otherwise of circumstance and/or affinity, these people remained to be unidentified. She further argues that those people who are with power acts in â€Å"mechanical ways†. This is because they are blindly under the assumption or thinking that they are obligated to enact their power over others in able to defend or protect themselves. They believe that if they do not act in such a way as imposing their power over other people, they might end up being slaves or being objects themselves. Those who do not have power are reduced to â€Å"mere items or objects† who functions as property and quantities obviously does so because they do not have the capability to command other people and they are viewed by those who are in power as means to their ends. This was largely reflected on wars, as soldiers are deployed in   combat areas, those who held government power are deciding which troop would be sent first or which troop would be in this or that position. To further understand her point, she tries to demonstrate the mechanical aspect of power through the ideas of affliction and slavery.   She renders that affliction is a mark of slavery; it is when the soul becomes blind and numb through the mechanical violence perpetuated by power that they exist only as things. Human’s primary task is to give attention to those who are afflicted or to those people who were possessed by power.   Since other afflicted person’s are hardened by the feelings and experiences that they posses, it is then the human being’s task to love our neighbor’s as much as we love ourselves. According to Weil, most people do not understand what the pain that the afflicted persons are feeling. It is quite impossible for unequal things to feel equal or the same, in such, people who are unequal cannot feel the same feeling, cannot understand the same thing that other people is experiencing. She argues that what connects everything is a link with what she renders as an â€Å"outside reality†. She clarifies that this â€Å"link† can be manifested through the presence of â€Å"injustice† which is the damage caused in the private sphere of an individual. Weil’s conception of Justice is base on a religious aspect of a universal obligation to â€Å"remedy the damages done in any body or soul†.   According to Weil, the universality of this obligation is in such form that disposing it would make one a â€Å"criminal†. Justice for Weil is reflective of compassion with the acknowledgement that there must be no harm done to other people most specifically to our neighbors. It is through justice that those who are in power would be compassionate to those who does not posses power for they would not treat those other people merely as objects or as indifferent persons but as reflections and extensions of themselves. They would then remove the mechanical ways that follows from their possession of power for this ways would not be recognize or at least utilize. In my opinion, Weil’s ideas are too idealistic, for although people may indeed love their neighbors as much as they love themselves, nonetheless, this could only happen if all would indeed subscribe to this kind of philosophical thinking. It is quite inevitable for people to dominate other things, and this is something that Weil herself recognizes, as she states that indeed inequality is something that we cannot demise. Yet she proceed on implying that humans can in some way become compassionate to other people or feel and share the pain of other people. This is simply implausible even if she argued that there is a universal link that determines compassion as an obligation to other people, still it is deeply imbedded in human being’s nature and personhood that he/she must strive for him/herself with or without the regard for other people. Her ideal morality and universal justice cannot be attained in our society and is only possible in a hypothetical realm where people may indeed recognize his/her obligation to other people. It might also work well in particular instances upon a serious contemplation and dedication to religion or to a morality that corresponds to the same ideals. For example, in instances like those done by Christ, helping other people without the regard of what will happen to yourself, is something that can indeed be treated to be an instance in support of Weil’s claims. However, one must not forget to take into account the fact that somehow there can be personal interest involved or such and such actions are only plausible in certain circumstances and not in others. Thus, my assessment of Weil’s philosophy is implausible and too idealistic. Works Cited: Weil, Simone. Waiting for God. New York: First Perennial Classics. 2001.       How to cite Simone Weil’s Love of Neighbor, Essay examples

Plot,setting, resolution, conflict, point of view, character, climax, of creole democracy by Rufino Blanco-Fombona free essay sample

â€Å"Creole Democracy† is a clear presentation of one fundamental defect from of government. Democracy is based on the concept of the rule â€Å"of the people, by the people, for the people. â€Å"The success of a democratic form of government is based on the nature and condition of the electorate that they are literate enough to express their will in the ballot, that they have sufficient education to understand and analyze and decide on vital issues, and that they canimpose discipline on their emotions and themselves. To meet these requirements of democracy, Fambona tells us, most developing countries are still incapable. So the story ends in tragedy and death with the participants not really knowing it is all about. II.Commentary According to Edward Brathwaite, â€Å"creolization† is a cultural process—material, psychological and spiritual—based upon the stimulus/ response of individuals within the society to their [new] environment and to each other—it is a reciprocal activity, a process of intermixture and enrichment, each to each. † Generally, we use the term creole to refer to new world societies like the Caribbean and South America, as well as those postcolonial societies that have been made racially diverse through the convulsions of European colonization. Those countries that have such creole democracy need to embrace, mixture of people, making a new community where there is co-existence of diverse races and culture. Creole democracy have two political parties rely on having the majority of votes on their side: â€Å"the efforts of the party leaders were directed toward herding the largest possible number of men.† One party is the government and the other one are rebels. Both of them in competition: â€Å"the bosses of each side would spy upon each other to see how many voters were being added to their rivals forces.† The voters are uneducated about how they will vote and are just merely instructed by their chosen party: â€Å"party hacks were going from group to group explaining the procedure of the morrows election.† The voters already have a foresight that there will bewar that will happen in this kind election and begin to show mistrust on the electorates: â€Å"`Elections! `scoffed one vaquero. `Before long well be hearing Pum! Pum! And then, ho, for stabbing hides!’ â€Å"War is not new anymore to them because it happened before, especially during elections: â€Å"to this bit of grim humor in the face of possible tragedy.† and â€Å"this was a slogan familiar to everybody, and many smiled bitterly at the memories it awoke.† It is not impossible for this to happen because of the competition and influence of both parties. In war, the revolutionary officers have machetes while the rebels have guns on their hands. Both have a advantages and disadvantages: â€Å"for in a hand-on-hand struggle a heavy gun is a hindrance rather than a help. â€Å"Both parties are keeping a secret on the public: â€Å"they dont tell the truth. If were going to war, let’s go but let them not hide from us. â€Å"The story reveals the role of women. Men compare them to hens and portray them as weak beings: â€Å"Theyre not afraid that well run off into hiding like so many hens or women The party leaders dont care much about the safety of their people: â€Å"Be sure to cry out loud, now, when you want us to come to your help.† sending the vaquero to spy on the other party. In this scene, it shows that women in that time are used as a shield: â€Å"Heres a woman to go along and keep you company. â€Å"The vaquero acted arrogant and fearless as he go along and thought of his leader belittling him: â€Å"They think I’m afraid.† The young vaquero didnt think of any elderly respect for the old man as he killed him defenseless. But when he killed the old man he was scared but proud of what he did: â€Å"the youth run off at one at his leader and not without a certain boastfulness told, in the presence of all, just what had occurred. â€Å"A woman was again portrayed as rather someone to be killed even an elderly one: â€Å"Kill and old manWhy not an old woman† Realizing that the other group will hunt down the vaquero, he was just asked to hide or hell die, receiving no help from the leader who used him: â€Å"I cant do a thing. Quick! Off to the mountains!† The vaquero didnt know that what he did was a crime as a sign of an uneducated man who just his leader: â€Å"Then it is true that this was a crime?† All that he thought was to kill the other party with one reason at all. That he is an enemy. Realizing his mistake he turned himself to justice. Having regrets of his ignorance and still confused: â€Å"But werent we supposed to conquer them? Werent they our enemies? â€Å"The people of Camoruco are not yet ready for democratic changes. For them to have a successful democracy, the public and the electorates should be first educated about the meaning of democracy. The story proved that education of people and the leaders will only turn into chaos. The leaders should not think about themselves and be selfish but rather to put into mind that democracy is â€Å"of the people, by the people and for the people†. Each of the public should have a contribution for the success of the country not just merely being influenced by powerful leaders. The leaders of both party in the story dont have a clear goal of what they will do in their country, cant even notice the issues they are facing and discipline themselves rather all they want is to be in power.

The Civil War Essays (1425 words) - History Of The United States

The Civil War The Civil War lasted 5 years, took 600,000 lives and yet there exists doubt in what is the main reason behind it. I myself feel that the major issue that triggered the war was slavery, which for the South threatened economy. I am going to discuss how issues of slavery existed before the war, how it was in the minds of soldiers during the war, and then still existed after the war. The North favored a loose interpretation of the United States Constitution, they wanted to grant the Federal Government increased powers. The South on the other hand wanted to reserve all undefined powers to the individual states. The North wanted improvements such as more railroads, canals, and roads to be sponsored by the Federal Government, while the South did not want any of these projects to even be taken into consideration. The North and the South had deep economic, social, and political differences. Even though all these reasons existed for them wanting to succeed from the North, I believe the main reason was slavery. The South not only wanted but they needed slavery, for it was the basis of their economy. The labor force in the South was made up of about four million slaves. These slaves cultivated tobacco, rice, and indigo, they were also in high demand because of the invention of the cotton gin which required growing more cotton than ever before. The North, being Pro Abolit ion had denounced the immoral institution of slavery. The Norths opposing views led to attack on the system of the South and showed opposition to slaverys spreading into new territories. Because it was difficult to decided what the status of states would be the North took action and passed the Missouri Comprimise. This comprimise stated that the status of a state of free or slave would depend if it was above or below 36 degree Latitude. States above the line would be free states and states south of that point would be Slave states. This Compromise created a balance of 11 free states and 11 slave states, it settled conflicts between the North and the South for almost a generation. This all changed when Mexico had been admitted into the Union and people began getting upset. Many compromises were created but they proved to be unsuccessful they resulted in gradual intensification of hostility between the free and slave states. In 1854, another law was passed it was the Kansas and Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise. This ne w Act stated that inhabitants of territories should decide for themselves the legability of slave holding which was known as Popular Sovereignty. This was yet another failure as people began to take matters into their own hands and violence was highly present. The last main conflict came with the election of Lincoln in 1860. Lincoln was a moderate, he stood in the center not really having a problem with slavery. He did though hope that slavery would die out and he was some what opposed to the expansion of slavery. The South felt that expansion was threatened and because the expansion of slavery was vital to the survival of slavery they felt their way of life was being threatened. That was what finally drove the southerners off the ledge. The South hoped that succession would pose a threat and would force the Union to accept southern demands, but unfortunately for them it did not. They had all they were going to have finally on December 20, 1860 South Carolina adopted an ordinance of succession, other states followed and by February 4th of the next year delegates from all those states met in Montgomery and drafted a Constitution for the Confederates states of America. This outraged the North and led to the Civil War. It is obvious that all the issues that brought on the war were concerned with slavery, one way or another. In the book Killer Angels one learns what is going through the minds of the soldiers. The book includes a part where we see what America means to a Colonel of the North and why he feels he is fighting in the war. We also get knowledge of what the Southerners feel

A Personal Style of Helping Leads to Good Patient Care Essay Example

A Personal Style of Helping Leads to Good Patient Care Essay Example A Personal Style of Helping Leads to Good Patient Care Paper A Personal Style of Helping Leads to Good Patient Care Paper It is vital in all nursing situations to have a personal style of helping that is effective and leads to good patient care. When a patient receives first-rate care, they are likely to better adjust to their illness than if poor care was given. It is imperative that a variety of helping styles be available in a nursing environment because not all patients respond the same to all helping techniques. Fortunately, every nurse has a different personal style of helping, and as such, many different types of nursing theories have developed to compliment their individual style. If nurses can understand and identify with a theory, they can then better understand their personal style of nursing, and in turn, better apply this individual style when helping a patient. Therefore, this understanding translates to better patient care, better patient compliance, and higher spirits throughout the entire nursing environment. Before nurses can apply theory to practice, they must first explore their own set of values and beliefs which strongly influence their particular style of helping. Without this personal understanding of themselves, the nurse would have a hard time deciding which theory best describes her and secondly, a difficult time implementing this theory. A persons individual set of beliefs and values have a great effect on all of their actions and their decision making process in general. I have found that in exploring my own values and beliefs, that I am able to recognize many that are central to my life and nursing style. First of all, and perhaps most importantly, I believe respect is an essential aspect of any relationship. When respect is not a cornerstone of a relationship, one will not tolerate or appreciate the others differences in values. Without a mutual respect between individuals, a relationship between them would be impossible. Along with respect comes honesty and trust. Honesty and trust help to build respect for another human being. If either of these two values were absent from a relationship, then it follows that respect would no longer be present either. This is solely because if you cannot trust someone, they are not being honest and therefore the respect that could grow between the individuals is blocked by the honesty and distrust between the two. However, even with distrust and no respect in a relationship compassion should still be felt toward that individual. Compassion, unlike respect is unconditional in the fact that despite how you feel about the individual, you still feel an overall concern and kindness towards them as another living human being. Equality is a value that is essential to nursing because it ensures all patients receive care that is essentially fair and evenly distributed. This provides an environment where no individual feels slighted or preferred compared to others. As a nurse, even if a patient has treated you with disrespect, and possibly given you justification for unequal treatment, it is still vital that you, as the nurse, provide fair unwavering care to everyone. Commitment is yet another vital value essential to building and maintaining working relationships. Without commitment, no one would feel compelled to follow pursuits which although may be difficult are the just and right things to do. For example, many times in life it is much easier to ignore and disregard a situation in which the proper thing to do is act, but commitment to my values and beliefs compels me to make the needed effort and act on the situation. In this very way, nurses are committed to the care of their patients as many times it is easier to remain emotionally uninvolved, for example, but the nurse’s dedication to their patient’s well-being requires this emotional bond. When exploring an individual’s values and beliefs, it is useful to reflect on past experiences that challenged them. One such instance is from a clinical experience I had at Marian Villa. I was caring for an elderly man with end stage Alzheimer’s disease, as well as prostate cancer. This man had many other health issues, as well as a language barrier. I worked with him for the duration of the eight week placement, and found myself constantly coming into conflict with my values and beliefs with the staff when it came to this gentleman. Mr. S. was a very kind and gentle man, with a warm laugh and a warm heart. He was an introverted individual who, besides going to the dining room for meals, spent most of the day in his room. I was responsible for doing all of his morning care as well as feeding him and ensuring he didn’t go through his day lonely. When I first arrived on the floor, I was told that I would need to feed him, as he wouldn’t eat if I was to leave him. After the first day on the unit, I decided to see what he could do for himself without me intervening. It amazed me what a little space can do for a person. This man had no feeding deficit, as well, he could dress and toilet himself independently. When I spoke to the health care worker who was assigned to him that day, I was astonished to learn that Mr. S. was not able to feed himself independently normally because the staff found him to be a slow eater and the kitchen staff wanted meals to be done by a certain time so they could prepare for the next meal. A few weeks later, I ran into another problem with staff related to Mr. S. After arriving on the floor, I went to his room to see if he was awake and ready for breakfast. When I entered the room, I found him still lying in bed. I inquired as to why this was, as breakfast was to be served in ten minutes. He confided in me that he was having a lot of pain in the heel of his foot. As a care giver, I offered to look at his foot which appeared to be slightly swollen. I attempted to help him out of bed to get dressed, but he could not weight bear on his foot. This man usually used a walker to move around, so I offered a wheelchair to him to go to breakfast. He responded that he thought a day of rest would clear things up, and I agreed to let him rest and brought breakfast to his room. After this incident I spoke with the head nurse on the floor and discussed Mr. S’s condition. The nurse and I agreed to Mr. S. resting for the day. The health care worker though, insisted that Mr. S. get out of bed and dressed for the day. As an advocate for this man, I insisted that she let him rest as his foot was quite sore. The worker conveyed to me that all residents had to be up and dressed every day. At this point my values were being challenged. I recalled a speaker that had come to speak to the clinical group when we first arrived at Marian Villa. He was very clear to say that ‘this place is their home’. If this is so, why do they have to wake up at 0730 when they would rather sleep until 0830? Why is it that they only have half and hour to start and finish meals? Why can they only shower once a week? I stood my ground with the worker, and explained bluntly that he was not getting up. I was proud of myself for standing up for my beliefs, and I respected the health care worker for standing up for her beliefs as well. Nursing theories have a lot to do with the way a nurse develops his/her own style of helping. Once a nurse has explored their own values and beliefs, they may then look into theories that correspond to their value and belief system. Theories are a good way of supporting what one finds to be true. For instance, Imogene M. King believes that â€Å"Goals, needs, and values of nurse and client influence the interaction process† (George, 1995). I, as a nurse, also believe this to be true, but to have a theory to back up my perception is superior to having this belief alone. As different nurses have different beliefs, there are many theorists to support those beliefs. For me, my values and beliefs are complimentary to the theories of Jean Watson, a needs/problem-oriented theorist, as well as Imogene M. King, an interaction-oriented theorist. King has the same view of patent nurse interaction as I have. Ie. King believes that individuals have a right to participate in the decision making process that would influence their own life and health (George). As well, King believes that individuals have the right to accept or refuse any type of health care. These views of King fit well with my views of the nurse-client relationship. Jean Watson has the same view of nursing as I do as well. For instance, Watson believes that caring promotes health and growth (be it individual or family) (Talento, 1995). Also, Watson believes that â€Å"caring can be effectively demonstrated and practiced only interpersonally (Talento). It is vital in all nursing situations to have a personal style of helping that is effective and leads to good patient care. When a patient receives first-rate care, they are likely to better adjust to their illness than if poor care was given. It is imperative that a variety of helping styles be available in a nursing environment, such as compassion, respect and trust. Every nurse has a different personal style of helping, and as such, many different types of nursing theories have developed to compliment their individual style, such as Jean Watson and Imogene M. King for instance. Once nurses understand and identify with a theory, they can then better understand their personal style of nursing, and in turn, are able to apply this individual style when helping a patient. Bibliography : References George, J. B. (1995) Imogene M. King. George, J. B (ed. ) Nursing theories: The base for professional nursing practice 4th ed. , 209-228, Norwalk, Connecticut: Appleton Lange. Talento, B. (1995) Jean Watson. George, J. B (ed. ) Nursing theories: The base for pro

David Byrne as a multidisciplinary sound artist Speech or Presentation

David Byrne as a multidisciplinary sound artist - Speech or Presentation Example Recently, his collaboration album with Annie Clark, also known as St. Vincent has won him publicity, called Love Giant. His artistic skills are not only evident in his music, but also in the world of art. His artistic creations that include sound installations are an indication of this. He has also worked as a sculptor and an author. This paper will however focus on his works as a sound installer and as a musician (Semon 2). Musically, Byrne started playing musical instruments at an early age. he also listened to a variety of records by various artists of his time. This showed his immense interest in music, which kept growing with time. By the time he was in high school, he could comfortably play the guitar, accordion, and the violin. It was during his high school times that he started his music career in a duo called Bizadi. In the duo, he worked with a partner called Mark Kehoe. After high school, he attended the Rhode Island School of Design and the Maryland Institute College of A rt, but later dropped out and formed a group called â€Å"The Artistic† with his fellow student Chris Frantz. However, after a year in operation, the band was dissolved. It was Frantz’s girlfriend, Tina Weymouth, whom he co-founded the â€Å"Talking Heads† with in 1975. ... Between 1979 and 1981, he collaborated with Brian Eno in the album called â€Å"My Life in the Bush of Ghosts†. The album attracted considerable critical views since it used the early analogue sampling and found sounds. Sampling in music is the act of using the similar sound recording in a different song or record (DJ 3). Kate Bush described the album as having left a big mark in the popular music world. It was critically described as a pioneer work that would lay foundation for countless styles of music that are connected to electronics, ambience and third world music (Taylor n.p.). Another work by Byrne and Eno was â€Å"Everything That Happens Will Happen Today†. The album â€Å"My Life in the Bush of Ghosts† was re-leased in the year 2006 comprising of several bonus tracks (Miers n.p.). The extensive use of sampling on â€Å"My Life† is considered to be a ground breaking opportunity for all music styles. It was one of the first albums to use sampling e ver in the music industry. The album was recorded during a break between touring for fear of music and the record of remain in light. According to Gittins (12) Byrne declared that during their recordings, they used a normal drum kit, but replaced the bass drum with a card board. They replaced the snare drum with a frying pan. This made it very interesting for the group to make music from extra ordinary instruments. Rei Momo was released in the year 1989 and featured many Afro-Cuban, Afro-Hispanic, and Brazilian song styles that included merengue, Cuban Son, Samba, mambo cumbia, cha-cha-cha, bomba and charanga. Initially the album was released with more tracks on the cassette tape. In some of the pieces, he improved on certain works he had

Documentary Expression and Thirties America Essay

Documentary Expression and Thirties America - Essay Example In the thirties the style of social documentary became popular, and was described as increasing the knowledge of public facts while sharpening it with feeling. Two notable exponents of this style were considered, both of whom employed the presentation of dramatic, and sometimes over emphasized, photographs accompanied by a written commentary. The distinction between art and photography and whether or not documentary expression owed its genesis from fiction or non-fiction was also explored. Finally the matter of ethics in the treatment and presentation of documentary imagery was discussed. Documentary Expression 3 Documentary Expression and Thirties America William Stott in his book Documentary Expression and Thirties America covers an enormous range of topics and much of it is in a highly discursive and rambling style. However, it is possible to subdivide it into four principal themes: Documentary, The Documentary Motive and the Thirties, The Documentary Nonfiction of the Thirties, a nd Let Us Now Praise Famous Men. First of all it is necessary to understand what he means by the documentary style. In its simplest form there are two possibilities: â€Å"an honest and reasonably objective report, or a case for the prosecution† (Stott, 1986). ... It was also held that such a documentary style did not rely upon information so much as â€Å"the power to move.† Stott suggests that while the purpose is to encourage social improvement – public education at its most altruistic – reality is more cynical in that its real purpose is to shape attitudes towards certain public facts. An example of this type of â€Å"expose journalism’ is to use a public figure or authority’s quotation to mean something else. For example, the head of the US Red Cross stated categorically, in answer to innocent sounding questions, that Red Cross personnel were noncombatants. He was unable to defend this stance when faced with the fact that when called up for military service these individuals were obliged to take the oath, Documentary Expression 4 imposed by Congress, requiring them to obey military regulations and act as combatants. Two contrasting examples of the documentary style in thirties America are contained in t he works of Bourke-White & Caldwell and Agee & Evans. In both cases one of the authors writes the commentary and the other provides a series of generally highly dramatic â€Å"propaganda† pictures. The question now arises, was the documentary style in the thirties; found in fiction and non-fiction, and in art and photography. The reverse of the former was really true; both fiction and non-fiction of the time owed something to the documentary style. Fiction was full of ‘real people’ and many writers tried to introduce social issues. The social documentary style was devised to give a sense of urgency to the representation of life as it was: reality with drama and a sharp tug at the emotions. In the case of non-fiction the genre usually relied upon simple issues:

The graveyard book

The graveyard book A happy childhood is often described as one characterized by love, family, and a sense of security. Many adults are wont to complain that some disruptive behavior is due to some distant unfortunate event in their childhood which may have affected their coping mechanisms as they matured, a commonplace, yet unpleasant, statement widely accepted by psychiatrists. A certain question now arises in my medically inclined mind: what would psychiatrists predict for the little boy Nobody Owens? Nobody, or Bod, is the main character of Neil Gaimans The Graveyard Book, the strange yet enlightening tale of a boy who was orphaned early in life and was then adopted by a charming couple, Mr. and Mrs. Owens, who turn out to be ghosts. The story is set in the fictional village of Old Town, a sleepy little village with a dreamlike quality about it. Within this quiet stretch of land is a graveyard, now unused and abandoned. It has been turned into a nature reserve and it is in this precise location that Bod finds himself as he escapes the murderer of his family. Raised by the graveyards phantasmal inhabitants and his mysterious guardian Silas, Bod grows up into a curious and pleasant boy. He encounters ghouls, werewolves, and a monstrous slithering creature hiding beneath the hill of the graveyard. He also manages to make friends with a girl, who visits the graveyard from time to time. While he is growing up, he is taught to read, to fade through walls and slip through shadows, and other uncanny abilities. Surprisingly entertaining despite the occasional macabre and hair-raising plights, Edinger (2009) calls Gaimans creation a novel of wonderweaving a tale of unforgettable enchantment. Common themes of familial closeness and zest for life are cleverly incorporated into this masterpiece. The subtleties with which these cherished values are imparted to readers are completely endearing. While I read the book, I was entranced to the point that I could not help but nervously look over my shoulder to see if there was a ghoul-gate opening its jaws to swallow me into the dark city of Ghulheim, leading me to doubt if this truly was a childrens book. Although I generally do not favor the style which Howard (2009) describes as the episodic nature of the book, I found it completely appropriate for this tale. Since it is a childrens book, one would expect a story that can be told in chapters, thus making it easier for parents to read a portion of the story every night before bedtime. Finally, admit ting that the book was influenced by Rudyard Kiplings The Jungle Book by no means diminishes Gaimans skill in delivering this tale. For this reason, he was awarded the Newbery Medal which honors outstanding contribution to American childrens literature. Going back to my original question, I continue to wonder what conclusions psychiatrists would draw up regarding Bod. After all, his family was murdered, he was raised in a graveyard by specters, and he has been in so many frightening situations enough to terrify a full-grown man. Would they say that he would grow up to be a disturbed young man because of his experiences? Or would those same experiences have molded him to become stronger than the rest of us? Personally, I believe the love and warmth with which Bods ghost family accepted him has already made up for the loss of his real one. Whichever the case, I only make this point to show how curious I am about what Bod will ultimately become. As Gaimans daughter Maddy so nonchalantly asked after her father read her the first chapter he wrote, I, too, can only ask, What happens next? One thing is certain though, with Bods enthusiasm to live his life to the fullest, his life outside the safety of the graveyard would be peppered with new adventures and characters as elaborate and lively as those resting in his home. REFERENCES: Anonymous,.(2009,April). Childrens Book Awards 2009. Bulletin of the Center for Childrens Books,62(8),343-345. Retrieved January 24, 2010, from Academic Research Library. (Document ID:1673481801). Edinger,M..(2009,February). Raised by Ghosts. New York Times Book Review,BR.15. Retrieved January 24, 2010, from Academic Research Library. (Document ID:1647333051). Howard,E..(2009,July). Neil Gaiman.The Horn Book Magazine,85(4),351-354. Retrieved January 24, 2010, from Academic Research Library. (Document ID:1786166631). Hunt,J..(2010,January). The Graveyard Book.The Horn Book Magazine,86(1),18. Retrieved January 24, 2010, from Academic Research Library. (Document ID:1936022361).

Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Essay -- Frankenstein Literature Dopplega

Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is widely hailed as literature’s greatest gothic novel, as well as its first science fiction work. Written by a young woman in answer to a challenge from a circle of male authors (which included her husband, Percy Bysshe Shelley), the tale is drawn from her personal experiences as well as from the writings of other authors. The monster in the story is a multifaceted symbol for humanity’s fears, representing unchecked technology and the un-mothered child, among other things. As a representative of these fears, the monster itself may be described as a doppleganger. The word doppleganger is taken from the German dopplegà ¤nger, meaning â€Å"double goer.† It appears as a reflection of a person, an apparition resembling a living being. When it appears, it is often taken as a portent of death, as it was by Elizabeth I when she saw a pale vision of herself lying still upon her deathbed soon before she died (Encyclopedia Mythica, 1). On a larger scale, Frankenstein’s monster could be described as a doppleganger of humanity, personifying our fear of ourselves and of our capabilities. One classic example of a doppleganger is the reflected image seen in a window at night, sometimes mistaken for a prowler. Frankenstein’s monster acts the part of this apparition when he appears to Frankenstein in his new bride’s window on her wedding night after killing her. The doppleganger that is the monster takes on many forms in terms of what it represents. One of these is the fear of science and its role in relation to God. As scientific advancements were made in the field of medicine, questions arose as to whether or not man should try to perform acts that only God was previously capable of performing. This moral issue is initially ignored by Frankenstein, overshadowed by his zeal for accomplishing his impossible feat of reanimation. After he animates the creature and shuns it for its horrible appearance, it acts on its impulses for revenge. As the story progresses, Frankenstein realizes that he should have thought more carefully before acting, and the repercussions of his dark deed eventually lead him on a self-destructive quest to ultimately attempt to annihilate his own creation. By trying to ascend past his place in God’s universe, Frankenstein, in the end, destroys himself and all that he ever loved.... ...etheus, Adam) and destructor (Satan) of life. (Desert Aine 2, 1-2) Frankenstein and his abominable creation are two characters inexorably linked with eachother, as father and son, as inventor and invention, and even as reflections of eachother. Their conflict deals with themes of the morality of science and the fears of child birth, and their characters are drawn from a wealth of experience and reading. Shelley’s doppleganger of mankind is like a twisted vision of reality; based in some sense on reality but wildly taken out of proportion, the monster is so inhuman that it cannot reconcile itself with its master or the world of humanity. Its tragic story serves as a warning of what mankind could become as well as a reflection of Shelley’s own personal demons, and her creation has changed the face of literature. Bibliography: Desert Aine 1. 3/13/1999. 3/14/1999. http://www.desert-fairy.com/birth.shtml Desert Aine 2. 3/13/1999. 3/14/1999. http://www.desert-fairy.com/franken.shtml Encyclopedia Mythica. 3/14/1999. http://pantheon.org/mythica/articles/d/doppleganger.html Mellor, Anne K. Mary Shelley, her Life, her Fiction, her Monsters. New York: Routledge. 1988.

Tolerance Analysis

A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis of 2-D†¦ http://adcats. et. byu. edu/Publication/97-4/cirp_2_7_97a. html 7. 0 ASSEMBLY TOLERANCE SPECIFICATIONS An engineering design must perform properly in spite of dimensional variation. To achieve this, engineering design requirements must be expressed as assembly tolerance limits. The designer must assign limits to the gaps, clearances and overall dimensions of an assembly which are critical to performance.Assembly tolerance limits are applied to the statistical distribution of the assembly variations predicted by tolerance analysis to estimate the number of assemblies which will be within the specifications. Designers need to control more than just gaps and clearances in assemblies. Orientation and position of features may also be important to performance. To be a comprehensive design tool, a tolerance analysis system must provide a set of assembly tolerance specifications which covers a wide range of common des ign requirements. A system of assembly tolerance specifications patterned after ANSI Y14. 5 has been proposed [Carr 93].Those ANSI Y14. 5 feature controls which require a datum appear to be useful as assembly controls. However, there is a distinct difference between component tolerance and assembly tolerance specifications, as seen in Fig. 9. In the component tolerance specification shown, the parallelism tolerance zone is defined as parallel to datum A, a reference surface on the same part. By contrast, the assembly parallelism tolerance defines a tolerance zone on one part in the assembly which is parallel to a datum on another part. In order to distinguish an assembly tolerance specification from a component specification, new symbols have been proposed.The feature control block and the assembly datum have been enclosed in double boxes. Fig. 9 Comparison of component and assembly tolerance specifications. 8. 0 MODELING PROCEDURES AND RULES The ability to model a system is a funda mental skill for effective engineering design or manufacturing systems analysis. Unfortunately, few engineers know how to construct variational models of assemblies beyond a 1-D stack. This is primarily because the methods have not been established. There is little treatment of assembly modeling for tolerance analysis in engineering schools or texts.Until engineers learn how to model, tolerance analysis will never become widely used as have other CAD/CAE tools. A consistent set of modeling procedures, with some guiding rules for creating vector assembly models, allows for a systematic approach which can be applied to virtually any assembly. The steps in creating a model are: 1. Identify the assembly features critical to the assembly. Locate and orient each feature and specify the assembly tolerances. 2. Locate a datum reference frame (DRF) for each part. All model features will be located relative to the DRFs. 3.Place kinematic joints at the points of contact between each pair of ma ting parts. Define the joint type and orient the joint axes. These are the assembly constraints. 4. Create vector paths from the DRF on each part to each joint on the part. The paths, called datum paths, must follow feature dimensions until arriving at the joint. Thus, each joint may be located relative to the DRF by controlled engineering dimensions. 5. Define the closed vector loops which hold the assembly together. The datum paths defined in Step 2 7 of 14 5/11/2011 4:27 PM A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis of 2-D†¦ ttp://adcats. et. byu. edu/Publication/97-4/cirp_2_7_97a. html become segments of the vector loop. A vector loop must enter a part through a joint and leave through another joint, passing through the DRF along the way. Thus, the vector path across a part follows the datum path from the incoming joint to the DRF and follows another datum path from the DRF to the outgoing joint. 6. Define open vector loops to describe each assembly tolera nce specification. For example, for an assembly gap, the loop would start on one side of the gap, pass through the assembly, and end at the other side of the gap. 7.Add geometric variations at each joint. Define the width of the tolerance zone and length of contact between the mating parts as required. The nature of the variation and direction is determined by the joint type and joint axes. Other variations, such as position, may be added at other feature locations. Modeling rules are needed to ensure the creation of valid loops, a sufficient number of loops, correct datum paths, etc. For example, an important set of rules defines the path a vector loop must take to cross a joint. Each joint introduces kinematic variables into the assembly which must be included in the vector model.Fig. 10 shows the vector path across a 2-D cylinder-slider joint. The rule states that the loop must enter and exit the joint through the local joint datums, in this case, the center of the cylinder and a reference datum on the sliding plane. This assures that the two kinematic variables introduced by this joint are included in the loop, namely, the vector U in the sliding plane and the relative angle f at the center of the cylinder, both of which locate the variable point of contact in their corresponding mating parts. Fig. 11 shows a similar vector path through a 3-D crossed cylinders joint.A more complete set of modeling rules is described in [Chase 94]. Fig. 10: 2-D vector path through a joint Fig. 11 3-D vector path through a joint 9. 0 MODELING EXAMPLE The process of creating an assembly tolerance model for analysis is illustrated in the figures below for a seatbelt retraction mechanism. The device is an inertial locking mechanism for the take-up reel. One of the critical assembly features is the gap between the tip of the locking pawl and the gear, as shown in Fig. 12. The assembly is of reasonable complexity, with about 20 dimensional variations and several geometric variati ons as contributing sources.The contribution by each variation source depends on the sensitivity of the gap to each component variation. Fig. 13 shows the DRFs for each part and local feature datums which define model dimensions. 8 of 14 5/11/2011 4:27 PM A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis of 2-D†¦ http://adcats. et. byu. edu/Publication/97-4/cirp_2_7_97a. html Fig. 12 Example 2-D assembly Fig. 13 Part DRFs and feature datums. In Figure 14, the kinematic joints defining the mating conditions are located and oriented. Clearance in the rotating joints was modeled by two methods.In the first case, the shafts were modeled as revolute joints, centered in the clearance, with clearance variation added as an equivalent concentricity. In the second case, the CAD model was modified so each shaft was in contact with the edge of the hole, modeled by parallel cylinder joints, and variation was determined about this extreme position. After the joints have been locat ed, the assembly loops can then be generated, as shown in Fig. 15. To simplify the figure, some of the vectors are not shown. Fig. 14 Kinematic joints define mating conditions. Fig. 5 Vector loops describe assembly. Models for geometric variation may then be inserted into the vector assembly model, as shown in Fig. 16. The completed CATS model, in Fig. 17, is ready for assembly tolerance analysis. 9 of 14 5/11/2011 4:27 PM A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis of 2-D†¦ http://adcats. et. byu. edu/Publication/97-4/cirp_2_7_97a. html Fig. 16 Geometric variation sources are added. Fig. 17 The completed CATS model. Figure 18 show a 3-D CATS model overlaid on a swashplate cam and follower mechanism. Fig. 18 3-D CATS model. 10. 0 TOLERANCE ANALYSISThe analysis approach used within the CATS system is based on linearization of the assembly equations and solution for the variations by matrix algebra. A detailed description with examples may be found in [Chase 95, 96] and [Gao 97]. The linearized method provides an accurate and real-time analysis capability that is compatible with engineering design approaches and tools. Vector assembly models can be used with any analysis system. Gao used the CATS Modeler as a graphical front end for 10 of 14 5/11/2011 4:27 PM A Comprehensive System for Computer-Aided Tolerance Analysis of 2-D†¦ http://adcats. et. byu. du/Publication/97-4/cirp_2_7_97a. html a Monte Carlo simulator [Gao 93]. An iterative solution was used to close the vector loops for each simulated assembly. Histograms for each assembly feature being analyzed were generated from the computed assembly dimensions. A comparison of the linearized approach with Monte Carlo analysis is presented in [Gao 95]. 11. 0 CAD IMPLEMENTATION Fig. 19 shows the structure of the Computer-Aided Tolerancing System integrated with a commercial 3-D CAD system. The CATS ® Modeler creates an engineering model of an assembly as a graphical and symbolic overla y, linked associatively to the CAD model.Pop-up menus present lists of joints, datums, g-tols and design specs to add to the CAD model. The model is created completely within the graphical interface of the CAD system. There are no equations to type in to define mating conditions or other assembly relationships. CATS is tightly integrated with each CAD system, so it becomes an extension of the designer's own CAD system. Current CAD implementations include: Pro/ENGINEERa (TI/TOL 3D+), CATIAa, CADDS5a, and AutoCADa; (AutoCATS). Fig. 19 The CATS System Architecture The CATS Analyzer accesses the assembly tolerance model that was created and stored in the CAD system.The Analyzer has built-in statistical algorithms to predict variation in critical assembly features due to process variation. It features built-in algorithms for tolerance synthesis, which re-size selected tolerances to meet target assembly quality levels. Matrix analysis gives instant feedback for any design iteration or â⠂¬Å"what-if† study. The user interface is standard XWindows Motif, with multiple windows, scroll bars, pop-up menus, dialog boxes, option buttons, data fields and slide bars for data entry, etc. The designer is in complete control of the tolerance analysis/design process.Graphical plots give visual feedback in the form of statistical distributions, ranked sensitivity and percent contribution plots. Engineering limits are shown on the distribution, with corresponding parts-per-million reject values displayed. The current status of the CATS Modeler and Analyzer, with respect to ease of use by an interactive graphical user interface and internal automation are summarized in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1. Current status of assembly modeling CAD implementation Modeling Task Graphical Automation Level 11 of 14 5/11/2011 4:27 PM

The Model Of Economic Growth Based On Production Functions

2. The model of economic growth based on production functions (the Welfens/Jasinski model and its modifications). To show how FDI influence economic growth of a particular country a model proposed by P.Welfens and P.Jasinski is used. It is based on traditional production functions. In general the production functionsof Welfens and Jasinski describing the economic growth in the recipient country can bedefined by the following equation[61, p.254]: (1.9) where â€Å"Y† is an output (GDP or GNP); â€Å"K† is fixed assets of local origin (domestic fixed assets); â€Å"H† is fixed assets of foreign origin (foreign fixed assets); â€Å"L† is the number of employed in the national economy; â€Å"z† is the rate of technological progress; â€Å"ÃŽ ²Ã¢â‚¬  is statistically evaluated†¦show more content†¦Secondly, in the basic structure of the production function (1.9) proposed byWelfens and Jasinski, domestic fixed-capital and foreign investmentsare supposed to be equally effective, which, as mentioned above, contradicts the observed facts. Thirdly, the production function of Welfens/Jasinski includes multiplier of scientific and technological progress, which depends on the overall macroeconomic situation and in no way connected with the inflows of FDI. At the same it is obvious that foreign investment primarily perform the function of transferring technological and managerial innovations to the economies of the recipient countries.If we take into consideration the institutional changes in the economy, then they should also reflect the effects related to the openness of the national economy to foreign investments from abroad. Fourthly, a set of the factors that affect the rate of scientific and technological progress inShow MoreRelatedThe Long Run Causality Direction Between Financial Markets Development And Economic Growth1716 Words   |  7 PagesThis thesis investigates the long-run causality direction between financial markets development and economic growth in Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and China for varying time periods using VAR models and Granger Causality methods. It also explores the interrelationships between variables using the Impulse Response Function. 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